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{"format":"leaflet","minzoom":false,"maxzoom":false,"limit":9999,"offset":0,"link":"all","sort":[""],"order":[],"headers":"show","mainlabel":"","intro":"","outro":"","searchlabel":"... further results","default":"","import-annotation":false,"width":"auto","height":"700px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"Purplemarker.png","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"zoom":false,"defzoom":14,"layers":["OpenStreetMap"],"image layers":[],"overlays":[],"resizable":false,"fullscreen":false,"scrollwheelzoom":true,"cluster":true,"clustermaxzoom":20,"clusterzoomonclick":true,"clustermaxradius":80,"clusterspiderfy":true,"geojson":"","clicktarget":"","showtitle":false,"hidenamespace":true,"template":"Marker","userparam":"","activeicon":"","pagelabel":false,"ajaxcoordproperty":"","ajaxquery":"","locations":[{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:16-bit_Monolithic_DAC,_1981#_6b9f1d4ff78e20732a7a91344529bb19\" title=\"Milestones:16-bit Monolithic DAC, 1981\"\u003EMilestones:16-bit Monolithic DAC, 1981\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETexas Instruments, 5411 East Williams Blvd, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A. In early 1982, Burr-Brown Research Corporation, later part of Texas Instruments, Inc., demonstrated a 16-bit monolithic digital-to-analog converter. Coupled with earlier compact disc development by Philips and Sony, it enabled affordable high-quality compact disc players, helped transform music distribution and playback from analog phonograph records to digital compact discs, and ushered in digital media playback.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"16-bit Monolithic DAC, 1981","link":"","lat":32.21713,"lon":-110.87787,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Ames_Hydroelectric_Generating_Plant,_1891#_dae639589ed0fdc23d300b104d88dcc0\" title=\"Milestones:Ames Hydroelectric Generating Plant, 1891\"\u003EMilestones:Ames Hydroelectric Generating Plant, 1891\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EColorado State Highway 145, near Ophir, Colorado, U.S.A. Dedication: July 1988 - IEEE Pikes Peak Section. Electricity produced here in the spring of 1891 was transmitted 2.6 miles over rugged and at times inaccessible terrain to provide power for operating the motor-driven mill at the Gold King Mine. This pioneering demonstration of the practical value of transmitting electrical power was a significant precedent in the United States for much larger plants at Niagara Falls (in 1895) and elsewhere. Electricity at Ames was generated at 3000 volts, 133 Hertz, single-phase AC, by a 100-hp Westinghouse alternator.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Ames Hydroelectric Generating Plant, 1891","link":"","lat":37.865501,"lon":-107.881683,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:First_Semiconductor_Integrated_Circuit_(IC),_1958#_a34cf6a8bf4d0dfd9ffddcc98332011d\" title=\"Milestones:First Semiconductor Integrated Circuit (IC), 1958\"\u003EMilestones:First Semiconductor Integrated Circuit (IC), 1958\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETexas Instruments, Dallas, TX. On 12 September 1958, Jack S. Kilby demonstrated the first working integrated circuit to managers at Texas Instruments. This was the first time electronic components were integrated onto a single substrate. This seminal device consisted of a phase shift oscillator circuit on a tiny bar of germanium measuring 7/16\u201d by 1/16\u201d (11.1 mm by 1.6 mm). Today, integrated circuits are the fundamental building blocks of virtually all electronic equipment.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"First Semiconductor Integrated Circuit (IC), 1958","link":"","lat":32.924951,"lon":-96.756635,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Georgetown_Steam_Hydro_Generating_Plant,_1900#_611761818931acce8b14eaff7c35f501\" title=\"Milestones:Georgetown Steam Hydro Generating Plant, 1900\"\u003EMilestones:Georgetown Steam Hydro Generating Plant, 1900\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EGeorgetown, Colorado, on South Clear Creek at east end of 6th Street. Dedication: July 1999 - IEEE Denver Section. Electric generating plants, through their high-voltage lines, provided critical power to the isolated mines in this region. Georgetown, completed in 1900, was unusual in employing both steam and water power. Its owner, United Light and Power Company, was a pioneer in using three-phase, 60-Hertz alternating current and in being interconnected with other utilities.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Georgetown Steam Hydro Generating Plant, 1900","link":"","lat":39.70652,"lon":-105.69792,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Gravitational-Wave_Antenna,_1972-1989#_034a5c33a09abfe0a77c7a4f304a5941\" title=\"Milestones:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989\"\u003EMilestones:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELivingston, LA LIGO plaque: Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989Initially developed from 1972 to 1989, the Gravitational-Wave Antenna enabled detection of ripples in spacetime propagating at the speed of light, as predicted by Albert Einstein's 1916 Theory of General Relativity. Construction of Livingston's Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) commenced in 1995. In 2015, LIGO antennas, located here and in Washington state, first detected gravitational waves produced 1.3 billion years ago from two merging black holes.Richland (Hanford), WA LIGO plaque:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989Initially developed from 1972 to 1989, the Gravitational-Wave Antenna enabled detection of ripples in spacetime propagating at the speed of light, as predicted by Albert Einstein's 1916 Theory of General Relativity. Construction of Hanford's Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) commenced in 1994. In 2015, LIGO antennas, located here and in Louisiana, first detected gravitational waves produced 1.3 billion years ago from two merging black holes.Cascina (Pisa), Italy Virgo plaque:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989Initially developed from 1972 to 1989, the Gravitational-Wave Antenna enabled detection of ripples in spacetime propagating at the speed of light, as predicted by Albert Einstein's 1916 Theory of General Relativity. Construction of the Virgo Gravitational-Wave Observatory commenced in 1997. In 2017, Virgo and two antennas located in the U.S.A. launched the era of Multi-Messenger Astronomy with the coordinated detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989","link":"","lat":46.4551589,"lon":-119.4096895,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Gravitational-Wave_Antenna,_1972-1989#_42f45acdf9ef5eb1f4c59e45b97aebc0\" title=\"Milestones:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989\"\u003EMilestones:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELivingston, LA LIGO plaque: Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989Initially developed from 1972 to 1989, the Gravitational-Wave Antenna enabled detection of ripples in spacetime propagating at the speed of light, as predicted by Albert Einstein's 1916 Theory of General Relativity. Construction of Livingston's Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) commenced in 1995. In 2015, LIGO antennas, located here and in Washington state, first detected gravitational waves produced 1.3 billion years ago from two merging black holes.Richland (Hanford), WA LIGO plaque:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989Initially developed from 1972 to 1989, the Gravitational-Wave Antenna enabled detection of ripples in spacetime propagating at the speed of light, as predicted by Albert Einstein's 1916 Theory of General Relativity. Construction of Hanford's Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) commenced in 1994. In 2015, LIGO antennas, located here and in Louisiana, first detected gravitational waves produced 1.3 billion years ago from two merging black holes.Cascina (Pisa), Italy Virgo plaque:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989Initially developed from 1972 to 1989, the Gravitational-Wave Antenna enabled detection of ripples in spacetime propagating at the speed of light, as predicted by Albert Einstein's 1916 Theory of General Relativity. Construction of the Virgo Gravitational-Wave Observatory commenced in 1997. In 2017, Virgo and two antennas located in the U.S.A. launched the era of Multi-Messenger Astronomy with the coordinated detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989","link":"","lat":43.631222,"lon":10.504021,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Gravitational-Wave_Antenna,_1972-1989#_e8932204c6ba4247744eb25068c38209\" title=\"Milestones:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989\"\u003EMilestones:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELivingston, LA LIGO plaque: Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989Initially developed from 1972 to 1989, the Gravitational-Wave Antenna enabled detection of ripples in spacetime propagating at the speed of light, as predicted by Albert Einstein's 1916 Theory of General Relativity. Construction of Livingston's Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) commenced in 1995. In 2015, LIGO antennas, located here and in Washington state, first detected gravitational waves produced 1.3 billion years ago from two merging black holes.Richland (Hanford), WA LIGO plaque:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989Initially developed from 1972 to 1989, the Gravitational-Wave Antenna enabled detection of ripples in spacetime propagating at the speed of light, as predicted by Albert Einstein's 1916 Theory of General Relativity. Construction of Hanford's Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) commenced in 1994. In 2015, LIGO antennas, located here and in Louisiana, first detected gravitational waves produced 1.3 billion years ago from two merging black holes.Cascina (Pisa), Italy Virgo plaque:Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989Initially developed from 1972 to 1989, the Gravitational-Wave Antenna enabled detection of ripples in spacetime propagating at the speed of light, as predicted by Albert Einstein's 1916 Theory of General Relativity. Construction of the Virgo Gravitational-Wave Observatory commenced in 1997. In 2017, Virgo and two antennas located in the U.S.A. launched the era of Multi-Messenger Astronomy with the coordinated detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Gravitational-Wave Antenna, 1972-1989","link":"","lat":30.56319,"lon":-90.77422,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:High-Temperature_Superconductivity,_1987#_07524bbd15bbda8506b06d916bd0ccbd\" title=\"Milestones:High-Temperature Superconductivity, 1987\"\u003EMilestones:High-Temperature Superconductivity, 1987\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe plaque may be viewed at Science and Research Building 1, University of Houston Closest street address: 3577 Cullen Blvd., Houston, TX, U.S.A. On this site in 1987, yttrium-barium-copper-oxide, YBa2Cu3O7, the first material to exhibit superconductivity at temperatures above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77k), was discovered. This ushered in an era of accelerated superconductor materials science and engineering research worldwide, and led to advanced applications of superconductivity in energy, medicine, communications, and transportation.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"High-Temperature Superconductivity, 1987","link":"","lat":29.723186,"lon":-95.346437,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Mercury_Spacecraft_MA-6,_1962#_aa608b4c376e94f062897f047d6ba4cd\" title=\"Milestones:Mercury Spacecraft MA-6, 1962\"\u003EMilestones:Mercury Spacecraft MA-6, 1962\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBoeing Company Building 100, Prologue Hall, St. Louis, MO. Col. John Glenn piloted the Mercury Friendship 7 spacecraft in the first United States human orbital flight on 20 February 1962. Electrical and electronic systems invented by McDonnell engineers, including IRE members, made his and future spaceflights possible. Among the key contributions were navigation and control instruments, autopilot, rate stabilization and control, and fly-by-wire (FBW) systems.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Mercury Spacecraft MA-6, 1962","link":"","lat":38.749716,"lon":-90.347239,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Merrill_Wheel-Balancing_System,_1945#_d7f87c98222689ca6ad11afcd53c63fd\" title=\"Milestones:Merrill Wheel-Balancing System, 1945\"\u003EMilestones:Merrill Wheel-Balancing System, 1945\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E7800 W 16th Avenue, Lakewood, Colorado, U.S.A. (Building and plaque no longer there). Dedication:September 1999 - IEEE Denver Section. (IEEE Milestone and ASME Landmark). In 1945, Marcellus Merrill first implemented an electronic dynamic wheel-balancing system. Previously, all mechanical methods were static in nature and required removing the wheels from the vehicle. Merrill's innovative balancing system came to be widely used internationally. Elements of the dynamic balancing systems are still used today, primarily for industrial and automotive production applications.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Merrill Wheel-Balancing System, 1945","link":"","lat":39.741665,"lon":-105.083721,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Shoshone_Transmission_Line,_1909#_666bc2d78698a16ea190b784157e9754\" title=\"Milestones:Shoshone Transmission Line, 1909\"\u003EMilestones:Shoshone Transmission Line, 1909\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EShoshone Hydroelectric Plant near Glenwood Springs, Colorado, U.S.A. Dedication: June 1991 - IEEE Denver Section. July 17, 1909, the Shoshone Transmission Line began service carrying power, generated by the Shoshone Hydroelectric Generating Station, to Denver. The Line operated at 90 kV, was 153.4 miles long, and crossed the Continental Divide three times reaching an altitude of 13,500 feet. Its design and construction represented an outstanding electrical engineering accomplishment due to its length, the mountainous country over which it was constructed, and the unusually severe weather conditions under which it operated.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Shoshone Transmission Line, 1909","link":"","lat":39.54602,"lon":-107.32363,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Speak_%26_Spell,_the_First_Use_of_a_Digital_Signal_Processing_IC_for_Speech_Generation,_1978#_72b79427ab0bf411b2ca912f0be91510\" title=\"Milestones:Speak \u0026amp; Spell, the First Use of a Digital Signal Processing IC for Speech Generation, 1978\"\u003EMilestones:Speak \u0026#38; Spell, the First Use of a Digital Signal Processing IC for Speech Generation, 1978\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETexas Instruments, Dallas, TX. In December 1976, Richard Wiggins demonstrated the Speak \u0026amp; Spell concept to Paul Breedlove, Larry Brantingham and Gene Frantz in Texas Instruments' Dallas research laboratory. This group led the team that created Speak \u0026amp; Spell in April 1978. The key device was the industry's first digital signal processing integrated processor, the TMS5100. This innovation in audio processing began the huge digital signal processing consumer market.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Speak \u0026 Spell, the First Use of a Digital Signal Processing IC for Speech Generation, 1978","link":"","lat":32.925383,"lon":-96.756635,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Taum_Sauk_Pumped-Storage_Electric_Power_Plant,_1963#_214f0e4aa5549538ee7a81a3d557f318\" title=\"Milestones:Taum Sauk Pumped-Storage Electric Power Plant, 1963\"\u003EMilestones:Taum Sauk Pumped-Storage Electric Power Plant, 1963\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETaum Sauk Power Plant, Reynolds County, Missouri, U.S.A. Dedication: September 2005. The Taum Sauk Plant, when it came on-line in 1963, was the largest pure pumped-storage electric power plant in North America. Other pioneering features for this pumped-storage plant were its high capacity turbine-generators and its ability to be operated remotely, 90 miles away, from St. Louis, Missouri.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Taum Sauk Pumped-Storage Electric Power Plant, 1963","link":"","lat":37.32703,"lon":-91.02427,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Transcontinental_Telegraph,_1861#_9e6343a4e6765775777850608792119a\" title=\"Milestones:Transcontinental Telegraph, 1861\"\u003EMilestones:Transcontinental Telegraph, 1861\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFort Laramie, Wyoming, U.S.A. Dedication: August 1990 - IEEE Denver Section. Between July 4 and October 24, 1861, a telegraph line was constructed by the Western Union Company between St. Joseph, Missouri, and Sacramento, California, thereby completing the first high-speed communications link between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. This service met the critical demand for fast communications between these two areas. The telegraph line operated until May 1869, when it was replaced by a multi-wire system constructed with the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railway lines.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Transcontinental Telegraph, 1861","link":"","lat":42.202069,"lon":-104.565302,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"},{"text":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/Milestones:Virginia_Smith_High-Voltage_Direct-Current_Converter_Station,_1988#_83d8fc2b72da6863764a7d8289b21c2f\" title=\"Milestones:Virginia Smith High-Voltage Direct-Current Converter Station, 1988\"\u003EMilestones:Virginia Smith High-Voltage Direct-Current Converter Station, 1988\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWAPA Corporate Headquarters Building, 12155 West Alameda Parkway, Lakewood, Colorado 80228 USA. Built by Siemens, owned and operated by Western Area Power Administration (US DOE), the 200 MW HVDC Virginia Smith Converter Station near Sidney, Nebraska, connected the eastern and western U.S. grids. Its core technology is an all solid-state converter with integrated steady-state, dynamic, and transient voltage control up to its full rating. The station was an important advance in HVDC technology and cost-effectiveness.\n\u003C/p\u003E","title":"Virginia Smith High-Voltage Direct-Current Converter Station, 1988","link":"","lat":39.7070908,"lon":-105.1371014,"icon":"/w/images/6/6a/Purplemarker.png"}],"imageLayers":[]}
The IEEE Region 5 Stepping Stone Award in the IEEE Fields of Interest honors significant technical achievements in these fields. Stepping Stones recognize technological innovation and excellence for the benefit of humanity found in unique products, services, seminal papers, and patents. An achievement must have importance to the technologies associated with Region 5 in order to be proposed as a Stepping Stone—e.g. invented, initially demonstrated, first used, produced in Region 5.
The links below provide interesting documentation relating to the histories and activities of institutions--laboratories, enterprises, museums, and like organizations--in IEEE Region 5. Many thanks to John Meredith for initiating this perspective on Region 5 by providing the initial collection of links.
The Cassini mission is a joint venture of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency to study Saturn and its numerous moons. The Space Science Institute in Boulder is the lead agent for establishing and coordinating imaging tasks for and disseminating/interpretting the images from the Cassini spacecraft.
The IEEE Green Technologies Conferences, endorsed by Region 5 and hosted by one or more Region 5 sections, "bring together scientists, researchers and practitioners from around the world to develop realistic solutions to the current energy crisis, and to reduce carbon emissions and greenhouse gas emissions." (As described in the narrative history report of the 2012 Green Tech Conference.) The following lists provide links to narrative histories for each of the first four Green Tech Conferences and to the procedings of the second through the fourth Green Tech Conferences. (Note: All of the narrative history reports were authored by Patrick Meyer.)
A look at "Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy: Challenges and Opportunities" a keynote address by Sam Baldwin (Chief Science Officer, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy) at the GreenTech 2013 Conference in Denver, Colorado
The two oldest radio stations in Region 5 are, in first broadcast date order, WEW and WKY - KOMA. Wikipedia provides a historical description of
and a PowerPoint presentation provided by the Oklahoma History Center describes the history of
Includes Bell System Operating Companies and Western Electric Works in Oklahoma City and Lee’s Summit Missouri.
